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The Gospel and Letters of John, Volume 1: Introduction, Analysis, and Reference is unavailable, but you can change that!

Nearly all of the problems confronted by those who study John have to do with the literary strata of the Gospel of John and their relation to the composition of the Letters of John. With an archaeologist’s precision, and engaging a whole range of scholarly contributions in this area, von Wahlde digs down to the foundations and exposes three distinct literary strata in the development of the...

giving of the Spirit. This cleansing from sin in the second edition was thought to be accomplished by the action of the Spirit (2E-20). Not only are believers cleansed of past sin but, because they are so radically transformed by the Spirit and now have inward knowledge of God and live with the life of God, they are also cleansed of any evil inclination that would lead to future sin. As a result, they have no need of ethics (#8 Ethics). Because believers are transformed by the gift of the Spirit,
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